Hygiene, Sanitation and Nutrition
Handwashing: Key Times and Effective Techniques
Washing hands with soap is one of the simplest ways a family can lower the risk of diarrhoea and many respiratory infections. It costs little, needs no special equipment, and works best when it becomes a habit for everyone in the home.
Why handwashing matters
Germs pass from hands to food, water, eyes, noses and mouths. Children, who touch many surfaces and put their hands in their mouths, are especially exposed. Regular handwashing breaks that chain.
Key times to wash your hands
- After using the toilet or helping a child use it
- After changing a baby's nappy or cleaning a child
- Before preparing, serving or eating food
- Before feeding a child or breastfeeding
- After caring for someone who is sick
- After handling animals, waste or rubbish
- After coughing, sneezing or blowing your nose
How to wash your hands well
- Wet your hands with clean, running or poured water.
- Apply soap and rub palms, backs of hands, between fingers and under nails.
- Scrub for at least 20 seconds.
- Rinse thoroughly with clean water.
- Dry with a clean cloth or let the air dry them.
No tap? Use a tippy-tap
A jerrycan or bottle with a small hole, hung near the toilet and kitchen with soap beside it, gives families without piped water a practical handwashing point.
Making it a habit
Keep soap and water where the need arises, teach children through songs and games, and let adults set the example. Place reminders near toilets and cooking areas.
Summary
Wash with soap at the key times above, scrub for 20 seconds, and keep a handwashing point at home. If a family member has persistent diarrhoea or fever, visit a health facility.